Showing posts with label permaculture. Show all posts
Showing posts with label permaculture. Show all posts

Saturday, 12 January 2013

Economic Bill of Rights



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= Excerpt from President Roosevelt’s January 11, 1944 message to the Congress of the United States on the State of the Union.
Background URL = http://http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Bill_of_Rights

Text

"It is our duty now to begin to lay the plans and determine the strategy for the winning of a lasting peace and the establishment of an American standard of living higher than ever before known. We cannot be content, no matter how high that general standard of living may be, if some fraction of our people—whether it be one-third or one-fifth or one-tenth—is ill-fed, ill-clothed, ill-housed, and insecure.
This Republic had its beginning, and grew to its present strength, under the protection of certain inalienable political rights—among them the right of free speech, free press, free worship, trial by jury, freedom from unreasonable searches and seizures. They were our rights to life and liberty.
As our nation has grown in size and stature, however—as our industrial economy expanded—these political rights proved inadequate to assure us equality in the pursuit of happiness.
We have come to a clear realization of the fact that true individual freedom cannot exist without economic security and independence. “Necessitous men are not free men.” People who are hungry and out of a job are the stuff of which dictatorships are made.
In our day these economic truths have become accepted as self-evident. We have accepted, so to speak, a second Bill of Rights under which a new basis of security and prosperity can be established for all—regardless of station, race, or creed.
Among these are:
The right to a useful and remunerative job in the industries or shops or farms or mines of the nation;
The right to earn enough to provide adequate food and clothing and recreation;
The right of every farmer to raise and sell his products at a return which will give him and his family a decent living;
The right of every businessman, large and small, to trade in an atmosphere of freedom from unfair competition and domination by monopolies at home or abroad;
The right of every family to a decent home;
The right to adequate medical care and the opportunity to achieve and enjoy good health;
The right to adequate protection from the economic fears of old age, sickness, accident, and unemployment;
The right to a good education.
All of these rights spell security. And after this war is won we must be prepared to move forward, in the implementation of these rights, to new goals of human happiness and well-being.
America’s own rightful place in the world depends in large part upon how fully these and similar rights have been carried into practice for our citizens." (http://permaculture.tv/a-second-bill-of-rights-economic-rights-in-america/)


Tuesday, 8 January 2013

Transition Towns

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Totnes, Devon: a Transition Town
Transition Towns (also known as Transition network or Transition Movement) is a grassroots network of communities that are working to build resilience in response to peak oil, climate destruction, and economic instability.[1]
Transition Towns is a brand for these environmental and social movements “founded (in part) upon the principles of permaculture”, based originally on Bill Mollison’s seminal Permaculture, a Designers Manual published in 1988.[2] The Transition Towns brand of permaculture uses David Holmgren’s 2003 book, Permaculture: Principles and Pathways Beyond Sustainability. [3] These techniques were included in a student project overseen by permaculture teacher Rob Hopkins at the Kinsale Further Education College in Ireland. The term transition town was coined by Louise Rooney[4] and Catherine Dunne. Following its start in Kinsale, Ireland it then spread to Totnes, England where Rob Hopkins and Naresh Giangrande developed the concept during 2005 and 2006.[5] The aim of this community project is to equip communities for the dual challenges of climate change and peak oil. The Transition Towns movement is an example of socioeconomic localisation. In 2007, the UK-based charity Transition Network was founded to disseminate the concept of transition and support communities around the world as they adopted the transition model.[6]

Contents

[edit] Features

The main aim of the project generally, and echoed by the towns locally, is to raise awareness of sustainable living and build local ecological resilience in the near future. Communities are encouraged to seek out methods for reducing energy usage as well as reducing their reliance on long supply chains that are totally dependent on fossil fuels for essential items. Food is a key area, and they often talk of "Food feet, not food miles!" Initiatives so far have included creating community gardens to grow food; business waste exchange, which seeks to match the waste of one industry with another industry that uses that waste material; and even simply repairing old items rather than throwing them away.
The Transition Network website contains a listing of the initiatives that have registered there.[7]
While the focus and aims remain the same, the methods used to achieve these vary. For example, Totnes has introduced its own local currency, the Totnes pound, which is redeemable in local shops and businesses, helping to reduce "food miles" while also supporting local firms.[8] This idea is also planned to be introduced in three Welsh transition towns[9] and in Maleny Australia, the Baroon Dollar as a part of a regional transition towns project.[10]
Central to the transition town movement is the idea that a life without oil could in fact be far more enjoyable and fulfilling than the present: "by shifting our mind-set we can actually recognise the coming post-cheap oil era as an opportunity rather than a threat, and design the future low carbon age to be thriving, resilient and abundant — somewhere much better to live than our current alienated consumer culture based on greed, war and the myth of perpetual growth."[11][12]
An essential aspect of transition in many places, is that the outer work of transition needs to be matched by inner transition. That is in order to move down the energy descent pathways effectively we need to rebuild our relations with our selves, with each other and with the "natural" worlds. That requires focusing on the heart and soul of transition.[13][14]

[edit] History

The Transition concept emerged from work that permaculture designer Rob Hopkins had done with the students of Kinsale Further Education College in writing an "Energy Descent Action Plan". This looked at across-the-board creative adaptations in the realms of energy production, health, education, economy and agriculture as a "road map" to a sustainable future for the town. Two of his students, Louise Rooney and Catherine Dunne, set about developing the transition towns concept and took the far-reaching step of presenting it to Kinsale Town Council, resulting in the historic decision by councillors to adopt the plan and work towards energy independence.
The idea was adapted and expanded through 2005, 2006 and beyond in Hopkins' hometown of Totnes where he is now based. The initiative spread quickly, and as of May 2010, there are over 400 communities[15] recognized as official Transition Towns in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the United States, Italy and Chile. The term transition towns has morphed into transition initiatives to reflect the range and type of communities involved - e.g. villages (Kinsale), neighbourhoods of cities (Portobello, Edinburgh), through council districts (Penwith) to cities and city boroughs (Brixton).
In the United States, transition initiatives have sprung up in many communities. Transition US is the national hub and has a vision "that every community in the United States will have engaged its collective creativity to unleash an extraordinary and historic transition to a future beyond fossil fuels; a future that is more vibrant, abundant and resilient; one that is ultimately preferable to the present". Transition US is a resource and catalyst for building resilient communities across the United States that are able to withstand severe energy, climate or economic shocks while creating a better quality of life in the process. They are accomplishing this mission by inspiring, encouraging, supporting, networking and training individuals and their communities as they consider, adopt, adapt, and implement the transition approach to community empowerment and change.
A large number of state sites have also been set up using the Ning social networking platform. These state sites, under the umbrella of a National Ning site,[16] were set up to help facilitate, network, inform, monitor, and house regional and organizational Transition initiatives and further the rapid spread of the Transition Movement while networking related organizations, projects, ideas and activities. In addition, many Transition initiatives can be found on the WiserEarth community.[17] These social networking sites have now begun to spread worldwide.

[edit] Energy Descent Action Plans

A key concept within transition is the idea of a community-visioned, community-designed and community-implemented plan to proactively transition the community away from fossil fuels. The term "community" in this context includes all the key players - local people, local institutions, local agencies and the local council. With a website devoted to the plan and the publication of Totnes' Energy Descent Action Plan (EDAP), the definition of the concept of transition towns has recently seen a significant development.[citation needed]

[edit] Future

The number of communities involved in the project is increasing with many localities in the process of becoming "official" transition towns.[18][19] Transition Towns has even featured in the plot line of the long-running BBC Radio 4 series The Archers,[20] which illustrates the media attention and rapid growth the movement is generating.
As of 2010, transition initiatives are generally including the global financial crisis as a third aspect beside peak oil and climate change. Initially, this has been linked to the creation of a series of local currencies in transition towns including the Totnes pound, the Lewes pound, the Stroud pound as well as the Brixton pound in London.

[edit] International elements

There are transition initiatives all over the world now, and much of the material has been translated and adapted to other languages/cultures. These translated materials are linked from this page, and cover:
  • Portuguese
  • Danish
  • German
  • Dutch
  • Spanish
  • French
  • Hungarian
  • Italian
  • Japanese
  • Irish

[edit] Publications

Transition Network, the charity based in the UK whose mission is to "inspire, encourage, connect, support and train communities as they adopt/adapt the transition model in response to climate change, peak oil and economic contraction" has released a number of publications. These are designed to help communities through the varying stages of their initiative.
The books listed on the Transition Network books page are:
  • The Transition Handbook: from oil dependency to local resilience - by Rob Hopkins
  • The Transition Timeline: for a local, resilient future - by Shaun Chamberlin
  • Local Food: how to make it happen in your community - by Tamzin Pinkerton and Rob Hopkins
  • Local Money: how to make it happen in your community - by Peter North
  • Local Sustainable Homes: how to make them happen in your community - by Chris Bird
  • Local Communities and Local Councils: working together to make things happen - by Alexis Rowell
In 2008, the Transition Handbook was the joint 5th most popular book taken on holiday during the summer recess by the UK parliamentary MPs.[21]

[edit] See also

[edit] References

  1. ^ Transition Network wiki page
  2. ^ Transition Town Ashland. Permaculture
  3. ^ Permaculture – principles and pathways beyond sustainability – David Holmgren. (2003) Holmgren Design Press.
  4. ^ http://www.localplanet.ie/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=191&Itemid=49
  5. ^ The Guardian - Article on Transition Towns
  6. ^ About Us:Transition Network
  7. ^ "Transition Initiatives Directory". Transition Network. http://www.transitionnetwork.org/initiatives. Retrieved 1 November 2010.
  8. ^ Morris, Jonathan (4 June 2007). "Town poised for its own currency". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/devon/6692755.stm. Retrieved 24 November 2011.
  9. ^ "Towns banking their own currency". BBC News. 2 April 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/south_west/7326212.stm. Retrieved 24 November 2011.
  10. ^ "Money worries: town prints its own". ABC News. 10 June 2009. http://www.abc.net.au/news/2009-06-10/money-worries-town-prints-its-own/1709534. Retrieved 24 November 2011.
  11. ^ Transition Town Westcliff website
  12. ^ Who we are and what we do by Rob Hopkins and Peter Lipman. Transition Network. February 2009.
  13. ^ Inner Transition
  14. ^ http://www.thedirt.org/node/3702
  15. ^ Transition Initiatives Directory
  16. ^ see transitionus.ning.com
  17. ^ see Transition Initiative Groups on WiserEarth.org
  18. ^ "Money for climate project". The Nelson Mail. 10 April 2008. http://www.stuff.co.nz/nelson-mail/news/358524. Retrieved 24 November 2011.
  19. ^ Transition Towns - Communities in Consideration
  20. ^ The Archers website - Transition Ambridge
  21. ^ 'Beyond Westminster's bankrupted practices, a new idealism is emerging', Madeleine Bunting, The Guardian, 31 May 2009

[edit] External links